Issue 56
Aug./Sept. 2001
cf/De

cfj/0fsyf
cf/De
ljz]if syf
k|j[lQ
;DkfbsLo
v]ns"b
o'jf ;d:of
n'vf:t
;fdfGo 1fg
/f]rs} /f]rs
dx hf]8L
lj1fg
xfd|f] 7]ufgf
k':tssf /fhf
gjo'jf ;xsdL{af/]

h+undf eSg]===

8]9 8]9 nfv ljBfyL{x? km]n x'Fbf ====

…kmnfd] 9f]sfÚsf] ?kdf rlr{t P;Pn;Lsf]

k/LIffkmn k|sflzt x'gf;fy o;k6s klg c;kmn ePsf ljBfyL{x?dWo] s;}n] cfTdxTof u/],s;}n] lzIfs / lk|lG;knx?nfO{ sfnf] df];f] bn] . sf:sL n]vgfy gu/kflnsfsL zf/bf /fgfef6 / Jof; gu/kflnsfsL dL/f clwsf/Ln] hfFrdf c;kmn ePsf] kL8f ;xg g;sL cfTdxTof u/]sL l5g\ .

o; k6ssf] k/LIffdf km]n ePsf 8]9 8]9 nfv ljBfyL{x?sf] b'Mv / kL8f ;'g]/ hf] sf]xL klg Psk6s lrlGtg ePsf] x'g'k5{ . km]n ePsf ljBfyL{x?sf] cfFvfaf6 x]bf{ k|Zg p7\5M lsg P;Pn;Ldf dfq} &)–*) k|ltzt ljBfyL{ km]n x'G5g\ < lsg kf; x'g]eGbf km]n x'g]x?sf] ;+Vof bf]Aa/eGbf a];L x'G5 < olt w]/} ;+Vofdf km]n ug]{ xfd|f] k/LIff–k|0ffnL g} km]n ePsf] xf]
ls < ls km]n ug]{ lgotn] g} …kmnfd] 9f]sfÚ / s8f k/LIff k|0ffnL?kL …PDa';Ú yflkPsf] t xf]Og <

km]n ePsf ljBfyL{ ;fyLx?k|lt ;xfg'e"lt /fVb} ljrf/ ug]{ xf] eg] xfdLn] oxfFsf] lzIff gLlt / k/LIff k|0ffnLaf/] k|Zg p7fpg} kg]{ ePsf] 5 . o;} ;jfn;Fu} Wofg lbg} kg]{ kIf xf] M P;Pn;L g} ;a} yf]s xf]Og eGg] s'/f . xf], lglZrt ?kdf xfdLx? P;Pn;L jf :s"n–SofDk;sf] cf}krfl/s cWoogdf ;s];Dd ;kmn x'g'k5{ . t/ lj;{g' gx'g] s'/f s] klg xf] eg] cf}krfl/s cWoogsf] ;kmntf dfq} ;jyf]s xf]Og, Tof]eGbf aflx/ klg ljzfn ;+;f/ 5, h'g cf}krfl/s lzIffn] ;d]6\g} ;s]sf] 5}g . Tof] ljzfn ;+;f/sf] cWoog ug]{ / hLjgdf ;kmn x'g] nIo d"n ?kdf cgf}krfl/s lzIffaf6 kl/k"lt{ x'G5, hLjgsf ;+3if{do cg'ejaf6 dfq} ;kmnLe"t x'G5 .

To;}n] ufGwL, dfcf] jf rlr{nh:tf ;kmn ljåfg g]tfx?b]lv ljZjljVoft dxfg a}1flgsx?sf] hLjgL x]bf{ pxfFx?n] cf}krfl/s lzIffdf eGbf cgf}krfl/s lzIffdf a];L hf]8 lbg'ePsf] b]lvG5 . pxfFx?n] :j–cWoog / hLjg–;+3if{sf] cg'ejaf6 ljzfn ;+;f/nfO{ a'em]/ hLjg ;kmn kfg]{ sfd ug'{ePsf] kfOG5 . P;Pn;L;/xsf] Dofl6«s k/LIffdf y8{ l8lehgdf kf; ePsf ufGwL, s'g} pRr l8u|L gkfPsf dfcf], ldnL6/L sn]hsf] OG6«fG; 6]:6df b'O{–b'O{k6s km]n ePsf ljG:6g rlr{n / :s"nsf ;a}eGbf UjfFr ljBfyL{ dflgg] cfOG:6fOgn] k/LIffdf km]n ePs} sf/0fn] cfTdxTof u/]sf eP, lg/fz eP/ hLjgaf6 efu]sf eP cfhsf] ljZjsf] Oltxf;df ljåfg g]tfx? / dxfg a}1flgsx?sf] gfd vf]Hg ufx|f] x'GYof], xf]Og t <

ctM c;kmntfaf6 efUg'eGbf c;kmntfsf] sf/0f vf]tNg{ cWoogsf gofF gofF af6fx? klxNofpg / gofF hLjgsf] nIo vf]Hg :j–cWooglt/ klg xfd|f km]n ePsf 8]9nfv ljBfyL{x?sf] Wofg hfg'kg]{ xf] ls <


;DkfbsLo

…af]S;LÚsf] z+sf u/L kGw|;o gf/Lx?sf] a]OHhtL ul/of] l5 l5 Û
of] s:tf] h+unL Jojxf/ Û <

t ;fpg #) ut] g]kfnsf] P]ltxfl;s zx/ hgsk'/–kf/Lsf] lhNnf dxf]Q/Lsf] ;b/d'sfd hn]Zj/;Fu} hf]l8Psf] l;d/bxL uf=lj=;=df Pp6f l3gnfUbf] h+unL Jojxf/ ul/of] . ToxfF kGw|;o dlxnfx?nfO{ af]S;Lsf] z+sf u/L a]OHhtL ul/of] .

pgLx?nfO{ :yfgLo dlGb/ / :s"ng]/sf] rf}/df ha/h:tL e]nf u/fOof] . emfFqmLn] pgLx?nfO{ k|;fb vfg lbof] / ghLs} rf}/df al;/xg] cfb]z lbof] . Tof] k|;fb vfPkl5 tL dlxnfx?dWo] hf] hf] af]S;L x'g\, ltgLx? cfkm}+ ToxfF sfFKb} k|s6 x'G5g\ egL emfFqmLn] eg]sf] lyof] . /fds[kfn kl08t gfdsf] Tof] emfFqmL aL;xhf/ ?lkofF Hofnf lbP/ ;Ldf kf/L ef/tsf] j}zfnL lhNnf ;/foa:tLaf6 lemsfOPsf] JolQm lyof] .

s]xL xKtfcl3 :yfgLo ;f]x| jifL{o o'js ;+ho ;fx 5f/] /f]usf sf/0f d/]sf]df p;nfO{ af]S;Ln] df/]sf] 7x/ u/L af]S;L sf] xf] egL kQf nufpg Tof] emfFqmLnfO{ ToxfF NofOPsf] lyof] .

d[ts o'jssf] afa' hf]u]Gb| ;fx / cGo cfkmGtx?n] o:tf] cGwljZjf;L sfd ug{ nfu]sf]df /f]Sg'kg]{ bfloTj af]s]sf uf=lj=;= cWoIf gjn lszf]/ ;xgL cfkm}+ ;d]tn] cu'jfO u/]/ of] cGwljZjf;L sfdnfO{ a9fjf lbPsf lyP .

bzf}+ xhf/ hgtf hDdf ePsf] rf}/df ufpFel/sf cfOdfO{x?–nfO{ ToxfF …af]S;L af]S;L ÛÚ eGb} luHofpFb} e]nf u/fOof] / æP nf}, of] cfOdfO{ rflxF ;fFRr} af]S;Lh:t} 5], of] efUnL x}, ofb u/ ÛÆ h:tf xF:;L–dhfs ul/of] . ;a} dlxnfx?nfO{ s'g} ck/fwL–nfO{ ul/g]h:tf 3[0ff / x]nfFsf argx? ;'gfOP . n7}tx? / cGwljZjf;L nfps]x?n] Jofks r'/Lkm'/L b]vfP . sltko c;r]t dlxnfx?n] klg pgLx?;Fu xf]dfxf] ldnfP .

d[ts o'jssf] afa'n] / uf=lj=; cWoIfn] ToxfF k|;fb vfg gcfpg] dlxnfnfO{ krf; xhf/ ?lkofF hl/jfgf ug]{ / ToxfF gcfpg] dlxnf …af]S;L ePsLn] 8/fP/ cfpg g;s]sf]Ú dfGg] 8/n] ufpFel/af6 pgLx? ToxfF hDdf ePsf lyP . tdf;]x? klg y'k|} lyP .

;a} dlxnfx?dWo] s;}n] klg cfkm" af]S;L x'F egL gas]kl5 emfFqmLn] ToxfF !# hgf af]S;L ePsf] 3f]if0ff u¥of] . clg ufpFsL :jf:Yo;]ljsf krkGg aifL{of d/gLb]jLnfO{ af]S;L dfg]/ n7}tx?n] 3/af6 l3;fb}{, s'6\b} ToxfF NofP/ a]xf]; x'g]u/L lk6] .

s]xL ;dolat]kl5 rflxF pkl:yt dlxnfx?n] klg Tof] cTofrf/ ;xg ;s]gg\ . uf=lj=;= cWoIf / emfFqmLnfO{ pgLx?n] s'6], nv]6] . ufpFsf gf/Lx?dfly ePsf] ckdfg / d/gLb]jLdfly ePsf] s'6kL6sf] lj/f]wdf pgLx? v8f eP . s]xL rflxF uf=lj=;= cWoIfn] c? af]S;Lx?af6 3"; vfP/ d/gLb]jLnfO{ dfq s'6]sf] dfGg]x? klg ToxfF lgl:sP .

To; ufpFdf ljjfb, emu8f rs]{/ uO/x]sf] l:ylt cem};Dd ljBdfg /x]sf] 5 .

jf:tjdf, dxf]Q/Lsf] l;d/bxL ufpFdf of] h'g 36gf 3l6t eof], of] ;du| g]kfnL ;dfhnfO{ g} nlHht agfpg] 36gf xf] . cfh lj1fg / j}1flgs ;f]rx?n] oqf] 7"nf] km8\sf] dfl//x]sf] cfw'lgs o'udf cfP/ klg cem} …af]S;LÚh:tf sfNklgs s'/fx?df oqf] Hofbf ljZjf; ug]{ dfG5]x? xfd|f] ;dfhdf x'g'n] xfdL cem} h+unL o'us} ;f]rdf afFlr/x]5f}+ eGg] b]vfPsf] 5 .

/f]u jf JofwLsf] bf]if /L; p7]sf / lgd'vf dlxnfx?nfO{ nufP/ pgLx?nfO{ af]S;L, 8fog jf lsrsGgL dfGg' / /f]u JofwL x6fpg wfdL–emfFqmL / emf/km's ug'{, b]jLyfg wfpg' / gfu k"hf ug'{h:tf cflbd o'usf c1fgL dfgjx?n] /f]u–JofwLsf] jf:tljs sf/0f yfxf gkfP/ dgdf kfn]sf cGwljZjf;x?nfO{ xfdLn] zL3| x6fpg'k5{ . o;lglDt ;r]t hgtf, kf6L{ / ;/sf/n] ;dfhdf j}1flgs r]tgf km}nfpg'k5{ . tTsfn l;d/bxLsf ck/fwLx?nfO{ eg] s8f sf/afxL ug'{k5{ . l;d/bxLsf] pk/f]Qm 36gf dxf]Q/L lhNnfsf] lglDt s'g} gf}nf] 36gf xf]Og . o;cl3 klg o:tf 36gfx? ToxfF ePsf lyP . b]zsf cGo 7fpFx?df klg ;do;dodf o:tf cGwljZjf;df cfwfl/t h+unL 36gfx? x'g] u/]sf 5g\ .

a]n}df cGwljZjf;L ck/fwLx?nfO{ s8f sf/afxL ul/Psf] eP o:tf] 36gf k'gM bf]xf]l/g] lyPg . To;}n] ;/sf/n] o;k6s s8f kfOnf rfnf];\ egL xfdL hf]8bf/ dfu ub{5f}+ . à